Does Dilantin cause gingival hyperplasia?
Drug-induced gingival overgrowth, also known as gingival hyperplasia secondary to drugs, was first reported in the dental literature in the early 1960s in institutionalized epileptic children who were receiving therapy with phenytoin (Dilantin) for the treatment of seizures [2, 3, 4] This gingival overgrowth has also …
How is gingival hyperplasia treated in cats?
Gingival hyperplasia is most commonly treated with surgical removal of the excessive proliferative tissue. Gingivoplasty is a procedure that is performed under general anesthesia, often in conjunction with a thorough dental cleaning.
Does phenytoin cause swollen gums?
In some patients (usually younger patients), tenderness, swelling, or bleeding of the gums (gingival hyperplasia) may appear soon after phenytoin treatment is started. To help prevent this, brush and floss your teeth carefully and regularly and massage your gums.
What is gingival hyperplasia from phenytoin?
Phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth generally be- gins in the anterior interdental gingival papillae, often within I month after initiation of the drug.” The extent of overgrowth may be related to the dose, duration, and plasma levels of the drug,’ but some studies do not support this concept.
How can you prevent gingival hyperplasia from phenytoin?
Folic acid supplementation prevents gingival hyperplasia in most children started on phenytoin monotherapy. Phenytoin is an excellent and cost-effective antiepileptic drug (AED) that is especially useful in developing countries with limited access to newer AEDs.
Is gingival hyperplasia in cats painful?
The teeth may even appear to be missing when, in fact, they are just hidden under overgrown gums. This condition can also interfere with eating if the overgrowth is quite substantial and the dog or cat bites the tissue while chewing food. This condition can obviously be quite painful.
Will gingival hyperplasia go away?
Gingival hyperplasia can be resolved by improving oral hygiene habits. In more severe cases, surgical treatment is necessary.
What are the symptoms of Dilantin toxicity?
Symptoms
- Coma.
- Confusion.
- Staggering gait or walk (early sign)
- Unsteadiness, uncoordinated movements (early sign)
- Involuntary, jerky, repeated movement of the eyeballs called nystagmus (early sign)
- Seizures.
- Tremor (uncontrollable, repeated shaking of the arms or legs)
- Sleepiness.
What are the long-term side effects of Dilantin?
Long-term use of phenytoin also has been found to cause weakening of the bones. Bone disease is even more likely if a combination of seizure medicines is used….The most common ones affect appearance:
- overgrowth of the gums.
- excessive hair on the face or body.
- acne.
- coarseness of facial features.
What causes gingival hyperplasia in cats on cyclosporine?
Figure 1: Gingival hyperplasia in a cat taking cyclosporine for feline lymphocytic-plasmacytic gingivostomatitis. Drug-induced gingival hyperplasia appears to be associated with alteration of calcium influx in gingival tissue.
Does folate affect gingival hyperplasia in cats?
Gingival hyperplasia should not be confused with proliferative gingival lesions associated with feline lymphocytic plasmacytic gingivostomatitis or tooth resorption. In 1 study, folate decreased gingival hyperplasia in humans and cats taking the anticonvulsant phenytoin.
What drugs cause gingival hyperplasia in dogs?
The drug most frequently associated with gingival hyperplasia in veterinary patients is cyclosporine. Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive drug that is used to manage allergic and autoimmune diseases.
Do dogs with hyperplasia have receding gums?
Most animals respond to periodontal disease with receding gums, however, dogs with gingival hyperplasia have gum tissue that proliferates in response to inflammation. “Dogs with gingival hyperplasia have gum tissue that proliferates in response to inflammation.”