What did Cardinal Jules Mazarin do?
Cardinal Jules Mazarin was an Italian cardinal, diplomat, and politician who served as the Chief Minister to the King of France from 1642 until his death in 1661. He was critical to the negotiations of the Peace of Westphalia, which left France the most powerful state in continental Europe.
Who was Cardinal Richelieu and what did he do?
Cardinal Richelieu (1585–1642), was a French clergyman, nobleman, and statesman, serving as King Louis XIII’s Chief Minister (sometimes also called First Minister) from 1624. He sought to consolidate royal power and crush domestic factions.
Why did Louis XIII marry Anne of Austria?
Anne and Louis, both fourteen years old, were pressured to consummate their marriage in order to forestall any possibility of future annulment, but Louis ignored his bride. Louis’s mother, Marie de’ Medici, continued to conduct herself as queen of France, without showing any deference to her daughter-in-law.
Which French king married Anne of Spain?
Louis XIII
| Louis XIII | |
|---|---|
| Burial | 19 May 1643 Basilica of St Denis, France |
| Spouse | Anne of Austria ( m. 1615) |
| Issue | Louis XIV, King of France Philippe I, Duke of Orléans |
| House | Bourbon |
Who hated Cardinal Mazarin?
The contrast was described by Cardinal Retz, the future enemy of Mazarin, in his Memoires: “One saw on the steps of the throne, where the sharp and fearsome Richelieu had thundered rather than governed the people, a leader who is gentle, benevolent, and demands nothing…
Why was Cardinal Mazarin hated?
Many people in France, particularly the nobles, hated Mazarin because he increased taxes and strengthened the central government. Nobles rebelled and failed. a conflict over religion and territory and for power among European ruling families.
How did Cardinal Richelieu become a cardinal?
After the death of the King’s favourite, the duc de Luynes, in 1621, Richelieu rose to power quickly. The year after, the King nominated Richelieu for a cardinalate, which Pope Gregory XV accordingly granted in September 1622.
Was Cardinal Richelieu a good person?
Certainly he was a man with huge ambitions both personal and national. His reforms of the power structure within France paved the way for French power to reach its zenith but his methods alienated him from all of French society. He was a hero to France but to none of its parts.
What was Versailles originally used for?
The original residence was primarily a hunting lodge and private retreat for Louis XIII (reigned 1610–43) and his family. In 1624 the king entrusted Jacques Lemercier with the construction of a château on the site. Its walls are preserved today as the exterior facade overlooking the Marble Court.
Who ruled France after Henry IV?
Henry IV of France
| Henry IV | |
|---|---|
| Predecessor | Henry III |
| Successor | Louis XIII |
| King of Navarre | |
| Reign | 9 June 1572 – 14 May 1610 |
How old was Anne of Austria when she died?
64 years (1601–1666)Anne of Austria / Age at death
Who married Louis XII?
Mary Tudor, Queen of Francem. 1514–1515
Anne of Brittanym. 1499–1514Joan of France, Duchess of Berrym. 1476–1498
Louis XII/Spouse
What is Anne d’Autriche known for?
Anne of Austria (French: Anne d’Autriche; 22 September 1601 – 20 January 1666), a Spanish princess and an Austrian archduchess of the House of Habsburg, was queen of France as the wife of Louis XIII, and regent of France during the minority of her son, Louis XIV, from 1643 to 1651.
What happened to Marie de Medici and Anne of France?
Louis’s mother, Marie de’ Medici, continued to conduct herself as queen of France, without showing any deference to her daughter-in-law. Anne, surrounded by her entourage of high-born Spanish ladies-in-waiting headed by Inés de la Torre, continued to live according to Spanish etiquette and failed to improve her French.
When did Anne of Austria Die?
This article’s lead section does not adequately summarize key points of its contents. Anne of Austria (22 September 1601 – 20 January 1666), a Spanish princess of the House of Habsburg, was queen of France as the wife of Louis XIII, and regent of France during the minority of her son, Louis XIV, from 1643 to 1651.
How did France gain Artois and Cerdagne?
Between February and June 1659, Mazarin conducted intensive negotiations with the Spanish. On 7 November 1659 Spain signed the Treaty of the Pyrenees, which added Artois, the Cerdagne and Roussillon as new provinces of France.