What is the mode of action of HCTZ?
Hydrochlorothiazide acts on the distal convoluted tubules and inhibits the sodium chloride co-transporter system. This action leads to a diuretic action that lowers blood pressure, but there is also a potassium loss in the urine.
What is the mechanism of action of chlorthalidone?
Mechanism of Action Chlorthalidone inhibits sodium reabsorption at the level of the distal convoluted tubule and thus chloride via inhibition of the Na/Cl symporter. By removing sodium reabsorption at this location, the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron retains a higher sodium content.
What are the pharmacokinetics of hydrochlorothiazide?
Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Hydrochlorothiazide is not metabolized but is eliminated rapidly by the kidney. When plasma levels have been followed for at least 24 hours, the plasma half-life has been observed to vary between 5.6 and 14.8 hours.
What is the indication of hydrochlorothiazide?
Hydrochlorothiazide is indicated alone or in combination for the management of edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, acute glomerulonephritis, chronic renal failure, and corticosteroid and estrogen therapy.
What are side effects of hydrochlorothiazide?
The more common side effects that can occur with hydrochlorothiazide include:
- blood pressure that’s lower than normal (especially when standing up after sitting or lying down)
- dizziness.
- headache.
- weakness.
- erectile dysfunction (trouble getting or keeping an erection)
- tingling in your hands, legs, and feet.
What is the difference between HCTZ and chlorthalidone?
Chlorthalidone produces slightly greater reductions in blood pressure compared with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), but it is associated with greater declines in serum potassium levels.
Is chlorthalidone and hydrochlorothiazide the same thing?
There are significant pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences between these diuretics. Chlorthalidone is ≈1.5 to 2.0 times as potent as hydrochlorothiazide, and the former has a much longer duration of action.
Does HCTZ affect potassium?
Hydrochlorothiazide can lower blood potassium, sodium, and magnesium levels. Low potassium and magnesium levels can lead to abnormalities in heart rhythm, especially in patients already taking digoxin (Lanoxin).
Does HCTZ lower blood pressure?
Hydrochlorothiazide also lowers blood pressure in people with high blood pressure by an unknown mechanism; people with normal blood pressure are not usually affected by hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide belongs to the class of medicines known as thiazide diuretics.
Why is hydrochlorothiazide bad?
This drug can cause electrolyte and fluid loss, which may make you produce even less urine. For people with poor liver function: Use this drug with caution if you have poor liver function or progressive liver disease. Hydrochlorothiazide can cause electrolyte and fluid imbalance.
Can you take HCTZ and chlorthalidone together?
No interactions were found between chlorthalidone and hydrochlorothiazide.