What emission is HC?
Hydrocarbons are basically raw fuel, otherwise known as Gasoline. High Hydrocarbon (HC) emissions are almost always a sign of poor fuel ignition.
What would a high HC low CO and high O2 at the same indicate?
General Rules of Emission Analysis Remember, CO readings are an indicator of a rich running engine and O2 readings are an indicator of a lean running engine. High HC, high CO, and high O2 at same time indicates a misfire due to excessively rich mixture.
What is HC NOx?
HC + NOX means the sum of the hydrocarbon and NOX exhaust emissions. ( HC + NOX)
What causes high CO and HC emissions?
Ignition defects including dirty spark plugs, leaking or open-circuited spark plugs or wires, or defective ignition coils can all result in a shortage of spark energy. Any shortage of spark energy may cause high HC emissions. If the spark occurs at the wrong time, incomplete combustion and high hydrocarbons may result.
What causes NOx in a car?
NOx (or nitrogen oxide) is a chemical in automotive exhaust that gets created when the temperature inside a vehicle engine’s combustion chamber exceeds 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit. It is a pollutant that helps create smog, acid rain and particulate pollution.
What is HC ppm on emissions?
Find “HC PPM” within the tailpipe section. You read this as hydrocarbon parts per million, and it means the number of hydrocarbon molecules for every million molecules emitted through the exhaust.
Can bad spark plugs cause high NOx?
If the base timing is advanced too far, the spark plug will ignite the air fuel mixture early, causing the combustion temperature to rise as the compression stroke continues, causing NOx to form.
What is HC in gas?
Hydrocarbons (HC) Is raw gasoline or gasoline that has not burned. Associated with incomplete combustion. Combines with NOx and sunlight to form photochemical smog. Carbon Monoxide (CO) Is partially burned fuel known as a rich indicator.
What are NOx emissions?
Nitrogen Oxides are a family of poisonous, highly reactive gases. These gases form when fuel is burned at high temperatures. NOx pollution is emitted by automobiles, trucks and various non-road vehicles (e.g., construction equipment, boats, etc.)
How can I reduce HC in smog?
On a precomputer carbureted car, one way to get under the HC and CO limits is to retard the ignition timing. This will slow the idle and provide a longer, hotter burn. Then, bring the idle speed back up to specs with the throttle stop screw or idle stop solenoid, which will admit more air.
How can I reduce NOx emissions in my car?
Fuel switching is the simplest and potentially the most economical way to reduce NOx emissions. Fuel-bound NOx formation is most effectively reduced by switching to a fuel with reduced nitrogen content. No. 6 fuel oil or another residual fuel, having relatively high nitrogen content, can be replaced with No.
How do I find out NOx emissions?
For new vehicles, the amount of NOx emissions is recorded on the vehicle’s Certificate of Conformity (CoC). This document should be obtained from the seller, or from the vehicle’s manufacturer. A CoC must be uploaded in advance of a vehicle’s registration inspection.
What is the difference between high NOx and high HC emissions?
High HC emissions indicate unburned fuel High CO levels indicate partially burnt fuel or oil High NOx levels are normally caused by high combustion temperatures and pressures, slightly lean AFR, and excessively advanced ignition timing
How have NOx emissions decreased in New England?
Emissions from utilities in New England have decreased 57% from 1990 to 1996 as a result of the OTC NOx Cap and trade program. The 1990, 1996 and 1999 NOx emissions from utilities in New England are graphed in a bar chart for comparison. The 1999 emissions are also represented geographically on the map link below.
What causes high Co and NOx levels?
High CO levels indicate partially burnt fuel or oil High NOx levels are normally caused by high combustion temperatures and pressures, slightly lean AFR, and excessively advanced ignition timing Tailpipe emissions readings low in HC and CO levels with high NOx emissions are typically NOT caused by a defective converter.
What is the NOx cap and trade program?
In northern New England, the program caps NOx emissions at the large sources at a level equivalent to NOx RACT. Emissions from utilities in New England have decreased 57% from 1990 to 1996 as a result of the OTC NOx Cap and trade program. The 1990, 1996 and 1999 NOx emissions from utilities in New England are graphed in a bar chart for comparison.