What is C-trap in mass spectrometer?
All commercial Orbitrap mass spectrometers utilize a curved linear trap for ion injection (C-trap). By rapidly ramping down trapping RF voltages and applying DC gradients across the C-trap, ions can be bunched into short packets similar to those from the laser ion source.
What is LTQ Orbitrap?
The Thermo scientific LTQ Orbitrap Velos is a hybrid mass spectrometer, which means that it combines two different types of mass analyzers. The tandem mass spectra can be obtain simultaneously with the high resolution mass spectra of undissociated ions on a time frame compatible with liquid chromatography.
How does Q exactive work?
The quadrupole rod assembly works as ion transmission device with the possibility to filter the transmitted ion according to its mass-to-charge ratios. The ions are transferred into the C-Trap and then injected into the Orbitrap mass analyzer to get mass spectra.
What does an Orbitrap measure?
The Orbitrap also uses an FT-based strategy to measure the m/z of ions. However, the trapping is performed electrostatically (as opposed to magnetically) and the frequency oscillations are measured along the long axis of the trapping cell.
What is the difference between Orbitrap and Qtof?
With a QTOF you are already in a range of mass accuracy of about 1-2 ppm and a resolution R = 30000 to 50000. Orbitraps have a mass accuracy in the sub-ppm range and are even better in resolution.
How do ion traps work?
The ion trap functions as a mass spectrometer when the trapping field is changed, so that the trajectories of simultaneously trapped ions of consecutive specific mass/charge ratio become sequentially unstable, and ions leave the trapping field in order of mass/charge ratio.
How does a linear ion trap work?
How it works. The LIT uses a set of quadrupole rods to confine ions radially and a static electrical potential on the end electrodes to confine the ions axially. The LIT can be used as a mass filter or as a trap by creating a potential well for the ions along the axis of the trap.
What is AQ Exactive mass spectrometer?
The Q Exactive™ Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer from Thermo Scientific is an LC-MS/MS system combining quadrupole precursor ion selection with high-resolution, accurate-mass Orbitrap detection.
What property of the ions does an Orbitrap use for detection?
In such instruments, ions are trapped in a strong magnetic field combined with a weak electric field. Image current from coherently excited trapped ions is detected, digitized, and converted using Fourier transform into the frequency domain and then mass spectra.
What is the difference between TOF and QTOF?
Single stage TOF instruments measure the accurate mass of all ions entering the flight tube. Addition of a quadrupole and a collision cell to a TOF forms a QTOF, a more expensive instrument that is able to isolate and fragment specific ions, as well as measure accurate mass.
What is the difference between MS1 and MS2?
The molecules of a given sample are ionized and the first spectrometer (designated MS1) separates these ions by their mass-to-charge ratio (often given as m/z or m/Q). These fragments are then introduced into the second mass spectrometer (MS2), which in turn separates the fragments by their m/z-ratio and detects them.
What is meant by ion trapping?
In cell biology, ion trapping is the build-up of a higher concentration of a chemical across a cell membrane due to the pKa value of the chemical and difference of pH across the cell membrane. …
What is orbitrap mass analyzer?
The heart of Orbitrap mass analyzer is an axially-symmetrical mass analyzer, which consists of a spindle-shape central electrode surrounded by a pair of bell-shaped outer electrodes. As shown in Figure 4, in the Orbitrap mass analyzer, stable ion trajectories combine rotation around an axial central electrode with harmonic oscillations along it.
How are ions captured in the Orbitrap?
Ions entering the Orbitrap are captured through “electrodynamic squeezing,” after which they oscillate around the central electrode and in between the two outer electrodes. Different ions oscillate at different frequencies, resulting in their separation.
How does Orbitrap compare to Q-TOF?
Orbitrap mass accuracy signal strength as a function of ion quantity compared to Q-TOF mass spectrometers. Orbitrap technology drives high-resolution, accurate-mass (HRAM) data, generating incredibly high resolution measurements of up to 500,000 FWHM (with the option of achieving up to 1,000,000 FWHM) at m/z 200.
What are Orbitrap systems?
Orbitrap systems connect to liquid chromatography equipment to enhance separation of unknown compounds and enable high-throughput workflows. Thermo Scientific offers a wide portfolio of Orbitrap-based MS systems, including systems combined with ion traps and quadrupole mass filters, to address all your analysis needs.