What is a spacer in chemistry?
Spacer, a viscous fluid used to remove drilling fluids ahead of cement slurry. The spacer is made up with specific fluid attributes, such as viscosity and density that are designed to prohibit the interaction between the mud and cement slurry.
Is guanidine a functional group?
The guanidinium functional group is commonly used by proteins and enzymes to recognize and bind anions using ion pairing and hydrogen bonding. The specific patterns of hydrogen bonding and the great basicity of the guanidine functional group allow it to play several key roles in recognition and catalysis.
What is spacer in polymer?
Spacer groups are often an essential part of polymer structures, particularly functional polymers. Many physical, chemical and biological properties depend strongly on their size. They can be found in natural polymers where flexible spacer groups provide essential links for the stability of polypeptide structures.
Is guanidine an amino acid?
Besides being the most alkaline amino acid, the arginine molecule contains a positively charged guanidine group, similar to guanidine hydrochloride, and has been used in many refolding systems to suppress protein aggregation.
What is spacer group?
Spacer groups are often an essential part of polymer structures, partic- ularly functional polymers. Many physical, chemical and biological properties depend strongly on their size. They can be found in natural polymers where flexible spacer groups provide essential links for the stability of polypeptide structures.
Why is guanidine the strongest base?
It is a highly stable +1 cation in aqueous solution due to the efficient resonance stabilization of the charge and efficient solvation by water molecules. As a result, its pKa is 13.6 meaning that guanidine is a very strong base in water; in neutral water, it exists almost exclusively as guanidinium.
Why guanidine is highly basic?
Well Guanidine is the most basic N-containing compound of Organic because it contains 3 Nitrogen atoms which can donate electrons as well as it is mainly due to the delocalisation of electrons of other two Nitrogen atoms on one nitrogen.
What is guanidine used for?
Guanidine is used to treat muscle weakness and tiredness caused by the Eaton-Lambert syndrome. The Eaton-Lambert syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that affects the nervous system. Guanidine works on the nervous system to restore muscle strength.
Why guanidine is more basic than urea?
Oxygen is more electronegative than that of nitrogen, thus like to retain its lone pare better than nitrogen (cf. basicity of water and ammonia). Therefore, in that sense alone, guanidine is a better base than urea.
Why guanidine is more basic than aniline?
Guanidine [NH2−NH∣∣C−NH2] is more basic than pyridine because conjugate acid of guanidine has three equal contributing resonating structure.
Is guanidine the strongest base?
Yes,guanidine is the strongest base than most of the amines. the increased basicity can be explained by drawing the resonance structure of the protonated guanidine.
Why guanidine acts as a good base?
What is meant by the extent of reaction?
The extent of reaction ($\\xi$) is a method of quantifying how many “times” a reaction has occurred. It has units of moles/time and numerically, it is chosen such that the stoichiometric coefficient times $\\xi$ is equal to the quantity of species reacted.
How do you define how much reacts?
The define “how much reacts”. Depending on the amounts present, the numbers we plug in may change, but the meaning doesn’t. The single variable that quantifies how much “stuff” reacts, is called the the “extent of reaction” and is commonly given the symbol . For the reaction we’re studying, we can always say that.
Can the extent of reaction be positive or negative?
Assuming that the system has come to equilibrium, Although in the example above the extent of reaction was positive since the system shifted in the forward direction, this usage implies that in general the extent of reaction can be positive or negative, depending on the direction that the system shifts from its initial composition.