How do you measure pulp density?
Record the total weight and subtract the base weight of the container. The difference between the two provides the weight of the dry pulp. Calculate the pulp density in terms of composition. Divide the weight of the dry pulp by the total weight of the slurry and multiply by 100.
What is the pulp density?
Pulp density describes the mass of mineral in unit volume of liquid available, usually expressed as a % (w/v).
How do you calculate pulp yield?
Formula 1 gives 10 = [(1,000 kg – DP) / 1,000 kg] * 100 solving: DP = 900 kg of oven-dry fiber per tonne of pulp. Formula 2 gives 45 = (900 kg / DW) * 100 solving: DW = 2,000 kg oven-dry wood per tonne of pulp. Here the yield of bleached kraft pulp is assumed to be 45% (Figure 8-1).
What is SR in pulp?
CSF – higher numbers mean faster draining. SR – higher numbers mean slower draining. CSF developed as a measure of groundwood quality. CSF decreases with refining. CSF sensitive to fines and water quality.
What is bulk density of slurry?
the density of the solids is 2500 kg/m3. the density of the liquid is 1000 kg/m3.
How is feed density calculated?
Once the weight of the product and volume are determined, the density can then be calculated by dividing the mass by the volume.
How is pulp consistency calculated?
A measure of the pulp consistency is given by the percentage by weight of dry substances, a distinction being made between air-dry (% A.D.) and bone-dry (% B.D.). The German Wood Pulp Manufacturers’ Association has laid down a standard moisture content of 12 %. Air-dry pulp therefore contains 88 % of dry solids.
How do you calculate slurry pulp consistency?
Weigh the sample, and determine the weight of pulp fibers by subtracting the weight of the filter paper from the total sample weight. Calculate the consistency using the formula Consistency (in percent) equals the fiber weight (in grams) divided by the sample volume used (in milliliters) times 100.
What is CSF in pulp?
Canadian Standard Freeness. Refining is easily monitored by the drainage rate of water through the pulp. The CSF test measures the drainage of 1 L of 0.3% consistency pulp slurry through a calibrated screen.
What is pulp freeness?
Freeness of pulp is a measure of precisely how rapidly water can drain from a diluted fiber furnishes suspension. Drainage rate is related to the surface conditions and swelling of the fibers. Standard tests of pulp freeness are based on gravity dewatering throughout a screen.
How much does a ton of pulp weigh?
The most common are short ton = 2,000 lb = 907 kg metric tonne = 1,000 kg = 2,204 lb. Pulp is generally reported as an air-dried product that is assumed to be 10% water and 90% oven-dry pulp. The actual condition of a shipment may vary somewhat from this definition.
What is the yield of chemical pulping?
Yields of chemical processes are on the order of 40 to 50% of the dry weight of the original wood input. Kraft (Sulfate) Process. Because of advantages in chemical recovery and pulp strength, the kraft process dominates the industry. It represents 91% of chemical pulping and 75% of all pulp (Appendix 2, Section G).
How do you find the density of wood chips?
3.2 The density of the wood portion of pulpwood and chips may be expressed as: 3.2.1 As-received density, obtained by dividing the as-received weight by the as-received volume. 3.2.2 Green density, obtained by dividing the green (maximum swollen) weight by the green (maximum swollen) volume.
What is the recovery value of pulping wood?
Recovery from pulping wood is commonly expressed as the percentage, by oven-dry weight, of pulp obtained from the original wood weight. A recovery value of 45% means that for every 100 oven-dry pounds of wood processed, 45 oven-dry pounds of pulp is produced.