What is the aortopulmonary shunt?
Aortopulmonary shunts are anatomic connections between the aorta (AO) and main or branch pulmonary arteries (PAs) causing left-to-right (L-R) shunts. Occasionally, in cases of severe PA hypertension (PAH), it causes right-to-left (R-L) shunt. Types of aortopulmonary shunts.
How long does a BT shunt last?
The BT shunt mimics the role of the ductus arteriosus. It is often put in place after the ductus closes naturally. Shunts are usually used for four to five months, until the child outgrows them and a second operation or definitive repair is needed.
What does AP window mean?
Aortopulmonary window is a rare heart defect in which there is a hole connecting the major artery taking blood from the heart to the body (the aorta) and the one taking blood from the heart to the lungs (pulmonary artery). The condition is congenital, which means it is present at birth.
What is Potts procedure?
The Potts shunt is a novel alternative technique for decompressing the right ventricle without significant upper body cyanosis. It is a surgical technique in which a side-to-side anastomosis is created from the left pulmonary artery to the descending aorta, resulting in a right-to-left shunt.
What is a BT shunt made of?
In the modified Blalock Taussig shunt a length of artificial tubing typically made from PTFE (Gore-tex) is sewn between either the subclavian or the carotid artery and the corresponding side branch of the pulmonary artery.
What causes cardiac shunt?
The most common congenital heart defects (CHDs) which cause shunting are atrial septal defects (ASD), patent foramen ovale (PFO), ventricular septal defects (VSD), and patent ductus arteriosi (PDA).
What is Aortopulmonary collateral?
April 2012) Major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (or MAPCAs) are arteries that develop to supply blood to the lungs when native pulmonary circulation is underdeveloped. Instead of coming from the pulmonary trunk, supply develops from the aorta and other systemic arteries.
What is difference between PDA and AP window?
Differentiation of an aortopulmonary window from a PDA can usually be confirmed with echocardiography; the left-to-right shunt is seen in the main pulmonary artery in the aortopulmonary window compared with the left pulmonary artery bifurcation in PDA.
What is Eisenmenger syndrome?
Eisenmenger (I-sun-meng-uhr) syndrome is a long-term complication of an unrepaired heart defect that someone was born with (congenital). The congenital heart defects associated with Eisenmenger syndrome cause blood to circulate abnormally in your heart and lungs.
What does truncus arteriosus mean?
Truncus arteriosus is a birth defect of the heart. It occurs when the blood vessel coming out of the heart in the developing baby fails to separate completely during development, leaving a connection between the aorta and pulmonary artery.
Who invented BT shunt?
The original procedure was named for Alfred Blalock, surgeon, Culloden, GA (1899–1964), Helen B. Taussig, cardiologist, Baltimore/Boston (1898–1986) and Vivien Thomas (1910–1985) who was at that time Blalock’s laboratory assistant. They all helped to develop the procedure.
Who created the BT shunt?
Creators of the BT Shunt The BT shunt stands for the Blalock-Thomas-Taussig shunt, often referred solely as the Blalock-Taussig shunt. It is named after those who helped create it — Alfred Blalock (surgeon), Helen B. Taussig (cardiologist) and Vivien Thomas (lab technician).
How is aortopulmonary shunt function monitored in the postoperative period?
The surveillance of aortopulmonary shunt function in the postoperative period requires an understanding of the causes of arterial hypoxemia: parenchymal lung disease leading to pulmonary venous desaturation, inadequate Qp, and/or low mixed venous saturation due to limited Q s (in the presence of intracardiac and/or pulmonary shunt).
What is a central shunt in aorta?
Aortopulmonary Shunt Central shunts exist that provide alternate routes on the venous side (ductus venosus), within the heart (foramen ovale), and on the arterial side of the circulation (ductus arteriosus). From: Avery’s Diseases of the Newborn (Tenth Edition), 2018
What are the advantages of a thoracic shunt?
This has the advantage that if a shunt occludes in the postoperative period, the intensive care unit (ICU) team can reinstitute prostaglandin in hopes of restoring ductal patency. (The logic behind this is simply that in the era of classic BT shunts, performed via a thoracotomy, the PDA was never ligated).
What is a nonselective shunt?
Nonselective (central) shunt: portovacal and mesocaval shunts nonselectively decompress the portal venous system, thus risking hepatofugal flow and worsening hepatic failure. Large amounts of portal blood (not detoxified in the liver) in the systemic circulation worsen encephalopathy.