What is P16INK4a?
p16 (also known as p16INK4a, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, CDKN2A, multiple tumor suppressor 1 and numerous other synonyms), is a protein that slows cell division by slowing the progression of the cell cycle from the G1 phase to the S phase, thereby acting as a tumor suppressor.
What is P16INK4a antibody?
P16INK4a is a reported alias of the human protein ‘cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A’, encoded by the gene CDKN2A. The full protein is reported to be 156 amino acid residues in length. Based on antigen name, there may be canine, monkey, mouse and rat variants of this protein.
What is CDKN2A mutation?
CDKN2A gene mutations are found in up to 40 percent of familial cases of melanoma, in which multiple family members develop the cancer. These mutations, classified as germline mutations, are typically inherited and are present in essentially all of the body’s cells.
What is CDKN2A and CDK4?
CDKN2A is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes p16 (which inhibits activity of the cyclin D1-CDK4 complex) with germline mutations detected in 10%-25% of melanoma-prone families, some of whom are also prone to pancreatic cancer.
What is p16 in HPV?
Expression of p16INK4A (p16 positive) is highly correlated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), however, p16-positivity is not limited to HPV positive tumors and therefore, not a perfect surrogate for HPV.
How common is CDKN2A mutation?
Somatic mutations of CDKN2A are present in up to 95% of pancreatic tumors.
What type of gene is CDKN2A?
CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CDKN2A include Melanoma-Pancreatic Cancer Syndrome and Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant 2. Among its related pathways are Regulation of TP53 Activity and G-Beta Gamma Signaling.
Is CDK4 a tumor suppressor gene?
We propose that miR-486-5p plays the role of tumor suppressor in NSCLC by downregulating CDK4 and has a close correlation with other miRNAs or genes that are related to the cancer process.
What does BRAF stand for?
BRAF is a human gene that encodes a protein called B-Raf. The gene is also referred to as proto-oncogene B-Raf and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B, while the protein is more formally known as serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf.
Is p16 positive good or bad?
p16 was associated with marital status (p=0.008) and smoking (p=0.014). p16 positive patients had improved survival (similar to HPV16 positive cases). Patients with p16 negative/HPV16 negative status had the worst survival for all sites combined as well as for OP.
Is HPV 16 and p16 the same?
Among over 100 different HPV types, HPV-16 and HPV-18 are detected in the majority of HPV-positive SCCHNs. The p16 gene is often mutated in SCCHN, its overexpression is caused by the viral E7 protein. Consequently, p16 is assumed to be an indirect marker of HPV-induced SCCHN.
Does everyone have CDKN2A gene?
Everyone has two copies of the CDKN2A gene, which we randomly inherit from each of our parents. Mutations in one copy of the CDKN2A gene can increase the chance for you to develop certain types of cancer in your lifetime.
Does p16INK4a protect from depletion in the hippocampus?
Deletion of p16INK4a does not affect neurogenesis in the other adult neurogenic niche, the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. However, recently, it has been demonstrated that p16INK4a protects from depletion after a powerful proneurogenic stimulus – i.e., running – also stem and progenitor cells of the aged dentate gyrus.
What is the significance of homozygous deletion of p16?
Homozygous deletions of p16 are frequently found in esophageal cancer and gastric cancer cell lines. Germline mutations in CDKN2A are associated with an increased susceptibility to develop skin cancer. Hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes has been implicated in various cancers.
Can p16INK4a be used as a blood test for senescence?
Therefore, p16INK4a could potentially be used as a blood test that measures how fast the body’s tissues are aging at a molecular level. Notably, a recent survey of cellular senescence induced by multiple treatments to several cell lines does not identify p16 as belonging to a “core signature” of senescence markers.
How does p16 expression change with different types of cancer?
The reason for this is different types of cancer can have different effects on p16 expression: cancers that overexpress p16 are usually caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), whereas cancers in which p16 is downregulated will usually have other causes. For patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma,…